Your company has hired a new data scientist who wants to perform complicated analyses across very large datasets stored in Google Cloud Storage and in a Cassandra cluster on Google Compute Engine. The scientist primarily wants to create labelled data sets for machine learning projects, along with some visualization tasks. She reports that her laptop is not powerful enough to perform her tasks and it is slowing her down. You want to help her perform her tasks. What should you do?
A. Run a local version of Jupiter on the laptop.
B. Grant the user access to Google Cloud Shell.
C. Host a visualization tool on a VM on Google Compute Engine.
D. Deploy Google Cloud Datalab to a virtual machine (VM) on Google Compute Engine.
Your company uses a proprietary system to send inventory data every 6 hours to a data ingestion service in the cloud. Transmitted data includes a payload of several fields and the timestamp of the transmission. If there are any concerns about a transmission, the system re-transmits the data. How should you deduplicate the data most efficiency?
A. Assign global unique identifiers (GUID) to each data entry.
B. Compute the hash value of each data entry, and compare it with all historical data.
C. Store each data entry as the primary key in a separate database and apply an index.
D. Maintain a database table to store the hash value and other metadata for each data entry.
Which is the preferred method to use to avoid hotspotting in time series data in Bigtable?
A. Field promotion
B. Randomization
C. Salting
D. Hashing
Which of the following is not true about Dataflow pipelines?
A. Pipelines are a set of operations
B. Pipelines represent a data processing job
C. Pipelines represent a directed graph of steps
D. Pipelines can share data between instances
You are training a spam classifier. You notice that you are overfitting the training data. Which three actions can you take to resolve this problem? (Choose three.)
A. Get more training examples
B. Reduce the number of training examples
C. Use a smaller set of features
D. Use a larger set of features
E. Increase the regularization parameters
F. Decrease the regularization parameters
Your organization has been collecting and analyzing data in Google BigQuery for 6 months. The majority of the data analyzed is placed in a time-partitioned table named events_partitioned. To reduce the cost of queries, your organization created a view called events, which queries only the last 14 days of data. The view is described in legacy SQL. Next month, existing applications will be connecting to BigQuery to read the events data via an ODBC connection. You need to ensure the applications can connect. Which two actions should you take? (Choose two.)
A. Create a new view over events using standard SQL
B. Create a new partitioned table using a standard SQL query
C. Create a new view over events_partitioned using standard SQL
D. Create a service account for the ODBC connection to use for authentication
E. Create a Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (Cloud IAM) role for the ODBC connection and shared "events"
You want to automate execution of a multi-step data pipeline running on Google Cloud. The pipeline includes Cloud Dataproc and Cloud Dataflow jobs that have multiple dependencies on each other. You want to use managed services where possible, and the pipeline will run every day. Which tool should you use?
A. cron
B. Cloud Composer
C. Cloud Scheduler
D. Workflow Templates on Cloud Dataproc
You are using Google BigQuery as your data warehouse. Your users report that the following simple query is running very slowly, no matter when they run the query:
SELECT country, state, city FROM [myproject:mydataset.mytable] GROUP BY country
You check the query plan for the query and see the following output in the Read section of Stage:1:
What is the most likely cause of the delay for this query?
A. Users are running too many concurrent queries in the system
B. The [myproject:mydataset.mytable] table has too many partitions
C. Either the state or the city columns in the [myproject:mydataset.mytable] table have too many NULL values
D. Most rows in the [myproject:mydataset.mytable] table have the same value in the country column, causing data skew
You have historical data covering the last three years in BigQuery and a data pipeline that delivers new data to BigQuery daily. You have noticed that when the Data Science team runs a query filtered on a date column and limited to 30?0 days of data, the query scans the entire table. You also noticed that your bill is increasing more quickly than you expected. You want to resolve the issue as cost-effectively as possible while maintaining the ability to conduct SQL queries. What should you do?
A. Re-create the tables using DDL. Partition the tables by a column containing a TIMESTAMP or DATE Type.
B. Recommend that the Data Science team export the table to a CSV file on Cloud Storage and use Cloud Datalab to explore the data by reading the files directly.
C. Modify your pipeline to maintain the last 30?0 days of data in one table and the longer history in a different table to minimize full table scans over the entire history.
D. Write an Apache Beam pipeline that creates a BigQuery table per day. Recommend that the Data Science team use wildcards on the table name suffixes to select the data they need.
You work on a regression problem in a natural language processing domain, and you have 100M labeled exmaples in your dataset. You have randomly shuffled your data and split your dataset into train and test samples (in a 90/10 ratio). After you trained the neural network and evaluated your model on a test set, you discover that the root-mean-squared error (RMSE) of your model is twice as high on the train set as on the test set. How should you improve the performance of your model?
A. Increase the share of the test sample in the train-test split.
B. Try to collect more data and increase the size of your dataset.
C. Try out regularization techniques (e.g., dropout of batch normalization) to avoid overfitting.
D. Increase the complexity of your model by, e.g., introducing an additional layer or increase sizing the size of vocabularies or n-grams used.
